The Ten Percent Myth Of Brain Use
Saturday, May 14th, 2011Dear [Mentat],
I’ve seen the imaging pictures of the head during various sorts of brain use. These images appear to me show that just about all of the brain is used through the course of the day, whether you’re a janitor or a Nobel Prize-winning physicist. The images imply that most all the neurons keep busy doing something if not aiding conscious thought and performance. These pictures would seem to debunk the ten percent myth, that says that humans only utilize twenty percent of their brain matter for beneficial thinking.
I should have said in the post that sparked this discussion, that we utilize only ten or twenty percent of our mental potential, which is quite different than the percentage of neurons that fire within the brain. Of course, even this exact figure is difficult to prove, even for the experts. I might have said, instead of using an exact percentage, that humans have vastly unrealized mind potential and left it at that. That would have done just as well to help further the argument I was making and show why I do not believe in the ten percent myth.
There’s a process that runs on all Windows-based computers called the ‘idle’ process. It’s part of the operating system and contains essentially an infinite loop. When the CPU is not executing instructions from desktop programs, drivers, the kernel, handling interrupt requests from peripherals, and such, it switches context to the “idle” program. Though in terms of real work the CPU is indeed idle in this state, it is nonetheless, still busy executing instructions as it spins around in this idle-process infinite loop. This would be akin to a car engine that idles with the transmission in the “park” position. The engine may not be pulling the car anywhere, but its spark plugs, fuel injector system, sensors, computer modules, battery, and such are still operating. Its crank shaft still spins, it still consumes gas (though not as much), and it still makes noise and exhaust. As well, the CPU is still running a program even when it’s considered to be idle by the operating system. Contrary to the ten percent myth, the human brain is also fully at work even if we cannot yet exactly attribute specific brain functions to each and every brain cell.
If you could do the type of imaging on a CPU as is typically done for the brain, you’d find that most of the CPU electronics are ”busy” even when no real work is being done. The same for the car engine so long as you don’t turn the key off. The only time that the CPU is truly idle is after it executes a STOP instruction or when powered off. But this doesn’t happen normally because in order to get it running again, you must reboot, a notably undesirable occurrence. The only time a car is truly idle is when you turn the key off. And of course, you’d need to start it up again make it run more, idle or not. The brain seems to work much like these simpler systems.
From what little I know of the brain, it functions in many ways much like the CPU. There are indeed neural activities going on throughout the brain all of the time, even when it sleeps, insufficiently challenged, or otherwise idle. Imaging would show the car engine busy though the car is standing still, so long as the engine is running. It would also show the CPU as busy though no meaningful programs are being run.
So the imaging may show activity in the object under examination. But it does not tell us how much real work the system is accomplishing or whether the true potential of the system is in fact being utilized maximally. Clearly, the idling car is capable of moving at speeds of up to one hundred twenty miles per hour and beyond. The engine may appear busy in the pictures but clearly when it’s idling and out of gear the car’s potential is mostly untapped. Likewise, the CPU could process gigabytes of data per second if allowed to run an appropriate program for doing that. In fact, the images of a CPU doing real work wouldn’t look much different than those of a CPU just executing the idle process. And the brain? Well, we still don’t know what its upper limits really are even if the images say that all its neurons are firing. A fully active brain in the neural sense by no means implies a fully-utilized, actualized brain. The ten percent myth has never been shown to be true, and cannot be, just by examining brain scans.
Some suggest that one-hundred-percent-busy neurons means a one-hundred-percent-utilized brain. But this is clearly not the case. While scolarly skeptics refute well the ten percent myth, they unfortunately do less well at establishing that the brain is fully used. Admittedly, there is much imprecision here in the word definitions. Just the word “utilized” seems to take on multiple meanings in this global discussion. So we may be debating apples and oranges.
But I’ll certainly refrain from mentioning exact percentages of brain utilization in the future. I certainly wouldn’t want to give any credence to the psychics’ position that very little of the gray matter inside our heads does anything at all to help define the sorts of people we are.